Catwalk Versus Visual Fashion Shows Dissertation

Catwalk Versus Visual Fashion Shows - Dissertation Example The paper "Catwalk Versus Visual Fashion Shows" discovers Young Designers Preference and fashion shows. The research is done by considering choices of young fashion designers from UK and Korea. In the introductory portion, the content, aims and objectives of this study and limitations faced while conducting the research work are clearly stated. Literature review comes next where all aspects related to visual fashion shows are dealt in details including current trends, influencing factors, recent shows, etc. Next is methodology, where the procedure, which was followed while doing this research work, is outlined. Research approaches, philosophies, data collection process, sampling etc, with every details are depicted in this section. Several people were interviewed. Continue with ‘findings’, summarizes the answers given by the respondents. Carry on with ‘discussion’, the answers of the respondents were interpreted, analyzed and compared. The views that came up through their answers were related with trends, practices and concepts referred to in ‘findings’. In the final section, a brief conclusion is provided to the whole study from point of view of the researcher. Along with a justification is also provided for young designer’s preference for visual fashion shows over live catwalk shows. Visual fashion shows are gradually taking over live fashion shows in recent times. Unlike the traditional fashion shows where the model catwalks down the ramp, visual fashion shows present digitalized images.... Unlike the traditional fashion shows where the model catwalks down the ramp, visual fashion shows present digitalized images of the same but, projected on a screen. Thus, on one hand the people fail to perceive the liveliness, but on the other hand designers could easily showcase their creations. For this reason, one could find an increasing popularity of visual fashion shows among designers, especially among the young the young fashion designers. Content In the present times, the fashion world is experiencing a new type of fashion show- the visual fashion show, which involves digitalized images of models decked up in fashion items. Contrary to conventional catwalk shows, visual fashion shows saves time, energy, organization, and are flexible in nature. At the same time, the visual fashion shows are also cost effective and interactive. This is the reason why many young designers in present are choosing visual fashion shows over the traditional ones (Menkes, 2010). Aims This study aim s at finding out whether the young fashion designers from UK and Korea prefer live catwalks on ramps or visual fashion shows. Objectives 1. To find out the choice and preferences of young designers from UK and Korea. 2. To explore what factors have affected their choice. 3. To examine relevance and effectiveness of visual fashion shows in contemporary fashion industry. 4. To analyze success of visual fashion shows in terms of marketing, promotion and popularity. Methodology For this paper, both primary and secondary sources will be used data collected by interviewing some people as well as those collected from books, journals, and reviews and articles from fashion magazines will be interpreted and analyzed. Findings It was found out that the new concept of

The Potassium Atom Philosophy Essay

The Potassium Atom Philosophy Essay The Potassium atom is a member of the group one family of alkali metals. Due to the fact that group one metals have only one electron in their outer shell, means that potassium is an extremely reactive and electropositive element. A gentleman named Sir Humphrey Davy was the first to isolate this element in the year 1807 through the electrolysis of immensely dry molten caustic potash, otherwise known as Potassium Hydroxide (KOH). Its named after the the old Dutch word potaschen meaning potash. Its symbol on the periodic table is the letter K which stands for the Latin word kalium also meaning pot ash. When calculating the electron number of Potassium, we can refer to its atomic number on the periodic table as shown in the following diagram: http://exchangedownloads.smarttech.com/public/content/e4/e4296d16-d0f9-4787-bb8a-0695e616c828/previews/small/0001.png Atomic number Graphic taken from exchange.smarttech.com The atomic number will always display the figure of positively charged protons in an atom. The number of protons within the nucleus of an atom will always attract an equal number of negatively charged electrons. Potassium has an atomic number of 19 which means it has 19 protons that are attracting 19 negatively charged electrons in its neutral state. Strontium ion The Strontium atom which has lost 2 electrons is known as a Strontium ion. Strontium is a member of the group 2 alkaline earth metals. Having only two electrons in its outer shell, Strontium is highly reactive like all other group 2 metals. This element was discovered in Scotland by a gentleman named Adair Crawford in the year 1790 as the mineral strontianite. It was given its name after the Scottish village Strontian in which it was found in. However, in the year 1808, Sir Humphrey Davy was first to isolate Strontium on its own through the process of electrolysis. This comprised a mixture of mercuric oxide (HgO) and strontium chloride (SrCl2). When calculating the electron number of the Strontium ion, we can refer to the atomic number of the Strontium atom as shown on the periodic table. Atomic numberhttp://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTh8Q_XgZHS23iyIAsk1w9tJ-oRnslYnF6uVBLk2hNksebU7BKY Graphic taken from www.glogster.comglogster.com glogster.com We can see from the diagram above that the atomic number of Strontium is 38. This represents 38 positively charged protons in the nucleus that are attracting 38 negatively charged electrons in its neutral state. Strontium has 2 valence electrons in its outermost shell. The Strontium ion has a 2+ charge (Sr2+) which means it has lost two of its valence electrons. It is much easier for Strontium to lose these 2 electrons in order to achieve a noble gas state than it would be for it to gain 6 electrons to get an octet configuration. By subtracting 2 electrons from the electron number of Strontium (38), we are now able to calculate the Strontium ion as having an electron number of 36. Francium atom The Francium atom was discovered in France by a lady named Marguerite Pere in the year 1939 who named the element after her country. The element is extremely radioactive and is a member of the Group 1 alkali metals, having only one valence electron in its outer shell. Francium (Fr) is a positively charged element and is willing to lose its outermost electron to achieve its noble gas state, otherwise known as a cation. Atomic numberhttps://www.store.acs.org/eweb/images/ACSStore/PT6498_thumb.jpg Graphic taken from www.store.acs.org By referring to the periodic table, one is able to see that a neutrally charged Francium atom (Fr) has an atomic number of 87. This means that it has 87 positively charged protons in the nucleus which will attract 87 negatively charged electrons. Bromide ion The Bromine atom which has gained an electron is known as a Bromine ion. It was discovered in France by a gentleman named Antoine J Balard in the year 1826. Bromine has a particularly unpleasant smell and was therefore named after the Greek word bromos meaning stench. It is a member of the group 17 family of Halogens which are incredibly reactive, non-metal elements. Bromine, including all other elements in this group, will borrow an electron to complete its octet configuration. Atomic number Atomic numberhttp://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS8QR1k8J5qhYBNWA25hCmFuCcgoWd-FetYIcmXlaFV1J8v7qz6FCLyBA We can see from the diagram above that the atomic number of a neutrally charged Bromine atom is 35. This shows that there are 35 positively charged protons inside the nucleus which will therefore attract 35 negatively charged electrons. Bromine has 7 valence electrons in its outermost shell. This gives the Bromide ion a -1 charge (Br -1) because it has only needed to gain 1 valence electron to get an octet configuration. It is easier for Bromine to gain one electron in order to achieve a noble gas state than it would be for it to lose 7 electrons to achieve the same result. This is why Bromine is considered to be an anion. If we add the extra one electron gained by Bromine, to its electron number of 35, we will then have the electron number for the Bromide ion which will be 36. . The Mass Spectrometer is a device designed especially to separate ions via a mass to charge ratio. It deflects and detects ions and can record their intensities. A typical device is comprised of three main parts. These parts are the ion source, a mass analyser and a detector. Once the molecule within a sample has been broken down into a gaseous state, the atoms of the sample go through a further 4 main stages. These stages are called ionisation ( the production of positively charged ions), acceleration (positively charged ions accelerated by an electric field), deflection (positively charged ions are deflected in proportion to their mass/charge ratio) and finally the detection stage (positive ions of a particular mass/charge ratio are detected). 1.2 EXPLAIN THE MEANING OF ATOMIC ORBITAL, AND DESCRIBE THE DISTRIBUTION, SHAPES AND RELATIVE ENERGY OF ELECTRON ORBITALS WITHIN THE FIRST FOUR SHELLS. Explain what you understand by the term atomic orbital. Describe the distribution, shapes and relative energy of atomic orbitals found within the first four shells in terms of the s, p, d and f orbitals An atomic orbital refers to the region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electron. It describes the movement of a single electron or a pair of electrons within the atom. Each atom is comprised of its main electron shells (hydrogen having only one main electron shell). These shells are known as quantum levels and can be broken down into sub energy level shells. The sub energy level shells can then be broken down into orbitals. Each main quantum level (identified as the K, L, M, N shells), consists of one or more sub shells. The K quantum level has only one Sub shell (S sub shell). The L quantum level has two sub shells (S and P sub shells). The M quantum level has three sub shells (S, P and D sub shells) and the N quantum level has 4 subshells (S, P, D and F sub shells). Each electron has a negative charge which means that they repel one another. Due to this repulsion, energy from these electrons is then separated into different orbitals found around the nucleus. An atomic orbital can hold up to 2 electrons with opposing spins. The S sub shell has 1 orbital and can hold up to 2 electrons. The P sub shell has 3 orbitals and can hold up to 6 electrons. The D sub shell has 5 orbitals and can hold up to 10 electrons and the F sub shell has 7 orbitals, holding up to 14 electrons. Electrons can behave as a particle and as a wave and this makes it impossible to accurately determine a pathway for an electron orbital. Werner Heisenberg was a theoretical physicist who developed The Heisenberg uncertainty principle in 1927. The Uncertainty Principle was to describe the impossibility of knowing both the position of an electron and the velocity of an electron simultaneously. Louis de Broglie was a French physicist who thought that anything which had a mass will also behave like a wave. However, it didnt seem as though objects with mass such as basket balls and people, actually had any wave properties at all. This is because the wave property is inversely proportional to the mass, so an object with a very tiny mass like an electron will have a very significant wave property. In 1927 an Austrian physicist name Erwin Schrodinger defined what an electron was doing inside of an atom based on it being a wave and not as a particle. He formulated The Schrà ¶dinger equation (H Ã‚ ¹ = E Ã‚ ¹). The equation allowed one to obtain a set of mathematical equations known as wave functions ( Ã‚ ¹) and by knowing these wave functions; one could describe the probable location and velocity of an electron at a certain energy level within the atom. From the equation, four quantum numbers were derived. These numbers are used to pin point the probable location of an electron and describe the orbital it is occupying. It is rather like a postal code, even though it doesnt give its precise location, it does provide one with an electrons general location in space. The 4 quantum numbers correspond to the principle quantum level number (n) which can be any integer from 1-7, the subshell quantum number (l) which can be any integer from 0 to n-1, the orbital quantum number (ml) which has integral values between 1, 0, -1 and the electron spin quantum number (ms) which has two possible values of +1/2 and -1/2. By referring to these 4 numbers, one can predict the dista nce the electron is from the nucleus, the shape of the orbital, the position of the orbital and the spin of the electron. S orbital Graphic used from angelfire.com B C AThe diagram on the left displays the S orbital occupying the first 3 energy levels. Each main energy level has an S orbital. Diagram a is the 1s orbital. The number 1 informs us that the orbital is in the energy level closest to the nucleus. Diagram b is the 2s orbital. This orbital is in the second energy level. Diagram c is the 3s orbital and is in the third energy level. The s describes the orbitals shape, with all S orbitals having a spherically symmetric (non directional) shape around the nucleus. The 2s and 3s electrons have a higher energy than the 1s electrons. This means that the 2s and 3s electrons are on average, further away from the nucleus and this increases the size of the orbital making the 2s and 3s orbitals larger than the 1s orbital. The corresponding (l) value of the S orbital is 0 which means that the value of (ml) is also 0. http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTTNiJ4lHuR9TGSUhTt1dd1JKleilD3u2hiHKkrJZ7sTKQVPM3A1To8hEn8FA P orbital Graphic used from chemtube3d.com The P orbitals appear different to S orbitals and this is because they follow a certain direction, unlike the non-directional (spherical) S orbital. The P orbital appears on the second energy level also with the 2s orbital and can inhabit 6 electrons whilst the 2s orbital is only able to inhabit 2 electrons. There are three 2p orbitals which are all oriented perpendicular to one another. These orbitals are given the symbols px, py and pz to correspond to their position on the x, y, z axis. A P orbital consists of 2 lobes which can inhabit 2 electrons. However, once each P orbital has a single electron, then they will start to form pairs and fill each orbital with 2 electrons. As the energy levels increase, the P orbitals will get bigger in size (2p, 3p, 4p) which means that the space where the electron is likely to be found is a further distance away from the nucleus. The P orbital has an (l) value of 1 and an (ml) value of -1, 0, +1 because there are three possible orientations of t he orbital in 3d space.http://www.chemtube3d.com/images/porbitals.png D orbital Graphic used from angelfire.com http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTN3yvcX0Bp8llWJ80LaCj1mXYKffA_yQ_1UPwKpCEPLy38DAy92paVouDU Presented in the diagram on the left are five D orbitals on an x, y, z axis. The D orbitals (dyz, dxy, dz2, dxz, dx-y2) exist at the third energy level also with the 3s orbital and the 3px, 3py, 3pz orbitals. Each individual D orbital has a different orientation in 3 dimensional space and can inhibit up to 2 electrons, which is a total of 10 electrons between them. The surface of the D orbital and all of the space within it constitutes the space in which one is most likely to find the electron. The D orbital has an (l) value of 2 and as there are five different possible orientations of this orbital in 3d space, it has an (ml) value of -2, -1, 0, +1, +2. F orbitals Graphic used from angelfire.com There are seven F orbitals that exist on the fourth energy level as well as the 4s orbital, the 4px, 4py, 4pz orbitals and the 4dyz, 4dxy, 4dz2, 4dxz, 4dx-y2 orbitals. Each individual F orbital can hold up to 2 electrons which is a total of 14 electrons between them. If we were to plot the positions of the electron within the F orbital in all of the different locations it was found, we would start to form a 3 dimensional map of the places that the electron has travelled in. These 3 dimensional maps are described in the diagrams shown on the right hand side. Each of these shapes represent where the electron is most likely to be found 90% of the time. The F orbital has an (l) value of 3 and as http://www.angelfire.com/falcon2/dirgni/f.gif There are seven different possible orientations of this orbital in 3d space, It has an (ml) value of -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3. 1.3 APPLY THE AUFBAU PRINCIPLE, HUNDS RULE AND PAULI PRINCIPLE TO THE WRITING OF THE FULL ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATIONS FOR ANY ELEMENT WITH AN ATOMIC NUMBER BETWEEN 1 AND 36 Describe what you understand by the Aufbau Principle, Hunds Rule and Pauli Principle. In terms of the above, show the full electronic configuration of any element with an atomic number between 12 and 36 When it comes to filling electron energy diagrams, one has to obey three different rules. These rules are known as The Aufbau Principle, Hunds Rules and the Pauli Exclusion Principle. The Aufbau Principle explains that orbitals of lowest energy are filled first from the bottom and then upwards. Hands rule principle states that if we were to have multiple orbitals of the same energy, then one should place an orbital in each before they double up. The Pauli Principle states that no two electrons in an atom have the same four quantum numbers. All three rules are explained in further detail below. Aufbau Principle The Aufbau Principle was founded by two physicists named Neils Bohr and Wolfgang Pauli in the 1920s. The name originates from a German expression, meaning to build out. The principle describes the way electrons are added to an atom or a molecule and shows that orbitals of a lower energy are filled before orbitals of a higher energy. It shows us that an orbital can only inhibit 2 electrons at most with no two electrons having the same four quantum numbers within an atom. Pauli Exclusion Principle The Pauli Exclusion Principle was formulated by a Gentleman named Wolfgang Pauli in the year 1925. Fermions are any particles such as electrons, protons and neutrons which have an odd half spin. The Pauli Exclusion Principle explains that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state. However, Bosons which are particles that have an integer spin (0,1,2,3..) and carry force, do not obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Test results described fermions as being repelled by the Pauli Exclusion Principle when the temperature dropped whilst Boson particles were not repelled. The Principle explains why electrons are kept increasingly further away from the nucleus when quantum states fill up, balanced by the attractive electric force between the electron and the positively charged nucleus. It has been discovered that some stars are held up by degenerate pressure which resulted from the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Hunds Rules The Hunds Rules were a set of formulated rules developed by a German Physicist named Friedrich Hund in 1927. The Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity explains the particular order that electrons fill subshells. The Rule says that the electron will inhibit orbitals of an equal energy level in order to create the largest multitude of orbitals having an electron within them. It clearly states that when one is to fill up a subshell, they should start by putting electrons in the individual orbitals of 2p (such as 2px then 2py, then 2pz) instead of filling each orbital up with two electrons before continuing on to the next orbital of the axis. Simply, the orbitals of a subshell must be occupied singly and with parallel spins before they occupy in pairs. The Hunds rule teaches that the greater the total spin state of the electron will result in making the atom a lot more stable, manifested most commonly in a lower energy state. This is due to the fact that it forces the unpaired electrons to inhibit in different spatial orbitals. Below is the a diagram showing the application of the three rules (Aufbau Principle, PEP, Hunds Rule) when building the electron configuration for Sulphur (S) in group 6 on the periodic table. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4http://img174.imageshack.us/img174/9436/electronicconfigurationvv8.jpg 3P 3S 2P Above is a diagram of the Bohr model of sulphur atom taken from mugging-chocobos.blogspot.com In the diagram above, we can see that all 3 rules have been applied. The Aufbau principle (building from the bottom upwards), the Pauli Exclusion Principle (2 electrons with opposing spin within each orbital) and the Hunds Rule (each individual electron will inhibit a spatial orbital separate from one another before pairing up in the same orbital). 1S 2S

The EMU and the Euro :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movement towards the European Monetary Union and the creation of the euro lasted many years, complete with key personalities and major governmental treaties. When finally organized and implemented, it lead to a historical event that will forever change international economics. Of course with a change this tremendous comes the good and the bad, but if the economic welfare of the people is improved, everything was worth all the hassle.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   HISTORY OF THE MOVEMENT  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The beginnings of the movement for European monetary unification go back at least to the founding of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (which then became the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD) in 1948. One of the OECC’s first accomplishments was the European Payments Union, established in 1950 and accomplished by the end of 1958, where the nations of Western Europe put their international reserves together and coordinated their policies with the intent of reestablishing current account convertibility.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1962 the Commission of the European Communities produced its first plan for a monetary union, which included a deadline for completion of nine years. Obviously, this deadline was a little overambitious for a group of countries whose only collective achievements had been the European Coal and Steel Community, an atomic energy community (Euratom), a customs union (the European Economic Community), and the Common Agricultural Policy of farm-product subsidization. The only accomplishment of the 1962 effort was a Committee of Central Bank Governors which was set up in 1964 but did not actually operate until the 1970s.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the Hague Summit in 1969, European governments delegated a committee headed by Pierre Werner, then Prime Minister of Luxembourg, to devise a new plan. The Werner Report, finished in 1970, called for monetary unification within ten years. The plan scheduled a transition to happen in stages. In the first stage, exchange rate fluctuations would be limited, and governments would start to integrate their monetary and fiscal policies. In the second stage, exchange rate variability and price discrepancies would be further reduced. In the third stage, exchange rates would be fixed permanently, capital controls removed, and an European Community(EC) system of central banks (somewhat modeled on the U.S. Federal Reserve System) would take control of the monetary policies of the member nations. The size of the EC budget would be greatly increased and the EC would coordinate national tax and spending programs. The makers of the Werner Report were not attached to a single cu rrency.

Macbeth Soliloquy Analysis Essay

Lady Macbeth’s Unsex Me Soliloquy Analysis In 1.5. 36-53 of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Lady Macbeth delivers a sullen soliloquy which expresses her ambitious yet murderous thoughts, invoking dark spirits to, first, change and destroy her feminine nature, second, to let her feel no fear or guilt upon doing wicked acts such as murder, and then, third, to cover all of her vile and vicious crimes. By doing so, Lady Macbeth vividly reveals to the audience her dark, destructive, and true nature. From lines 36-42, Lady Macbeth expresses her desires to erase her femininity, conjuring dark forces to â€Å"unsex her and fill [her] from the crown to the toe, top-full of direst cruelty† (40-42). Not wanting to be a female with a heart filled with love, kindness, and pity, Lady Macbeth would rather strip off all of her femininity along with these pure feelings, and acquire a vile and vicious nature which will not allow her to hesitate when carrying out devilish deeds, such as murder. Secondly, upon hearing about the witches’ prophecy about Macbeth’s future, Lady Macbeth already showed intentions of killing the king, and therefore summons evil spirits to â€Å"Make thick [her] blood†. By making thick her blood, it will obstruct the passage for fear, guilt, or remorse, and would allow her to perform destructive and evil acts without those natural emotions in mind. Additionally, Lady Macbeth calls to murd’ring ministers (48) to â€Å"Take [her] milk for gall†, which expresses her thoughts about wanting to take away her kindness and substitute if for bitterness, and too remove all the purity in her, allowing her to become a murderous and evil being. Lastly, Lady Macbeth pleads the spirits and demons to hide her vicious crime she will commit in the future by covering it up with pure darkness: Come, thick night, And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of Hell, That my keen knife see not the wound it makes, Nor Heaven peep through the dark Although Lady Macbeth truly wants to murder the king, she does not want her crimes to be revealed. By covering her evilness with darkness, her knife  which murders will not see what evil deed it has done, and heaven will not be able to even glance at the crime she’ll have committed, which will allow Lady Macbeth to murder the King with no fears or worries about being caught. In conclusion, as Lady Macbeth calls to evil spirits to take away her femininity, to feel no remorse or guilt after performing the deeds of evil, and finally to cover her murderous action with darkness, she reveals to the audience her that she is willing to do anything to get what she wants, which let us conclude that Lady Macbeth is an ambitious and fearless character with a mind full of corruption, destruction, and darkness.

Billabong Analysis

Billabong International Limited is an Australian based clothing company that established its business in 1980’s and expanded internationally through its franchises and acquisitions. The business is engaged in the marketing, distribution, wholesaling and retailing of apparel, eyewear, accessories, wetsuits and hard goods in the boardsports sector under the Billabong, Element, Von Zipper, Honolua Surf, Kustom, Palmers Surf, Xcel, Tigerlily, Sector 9 and RVCA brands (Billabongbiz, 2013). The company is headquartered in Queensland, Australia with 6,000 employees and they operate across many countries such as Australia, North America, Europe, Japan and the rest of  the world.Billabong has emerged a number of sports and youth labels such as RVCA, and Surjection (Billabongbiz, 2013). They continue to expand their brand image by sponsoring promotional events and some of the athletes. The rival brands of Billabong are Quicksilver and Rip Curl as these companies are iconic surf brands . In order to perform Billabong International Limited effectively, the board of directors are structured into six non-executive directors, two executive directors and the chairman who are responsible for the shareholders of Billabong. However, due to recent recession, the new CEO, Launa Inman, has been appointed.2 – Financial AnalysisThe profitability performance of Billabong International Limited is not effective as it is -45.71% in Q2, 2013 (Google Finance, 2013). Similarly, net profit margin of the company is -50.72% which represents the profit after subtracting the indirect expenses. Overall profit performance is showing a negative sign and the firm have experienced shrinking sales and rising debts. However, with respect to gross profit margin, it shows a positive figure as it amounts to 50.21% in Q2, 2013.This shows that the profitability after accounting for the cost of goods sold is good and highly effective for the company, but the negative net profit implies that the indirect expenses of the company are significantly higher. The plans of the company are to focus on its core brands in the next four years, cut styles by 15% and achieve improvement in its supply chain for both the wholesale and retail operations2.1 Identification and evaluation of Billabong’s global strategyThe marketing mix helps a business to determine its sales and finally determine the success or failure of a business. For this reason, it is the most essential element of business when determining a marketing plan. Billabong International Limited makes broad use of the marketing mix in their marketing plan.Billabong International Limited has diversified their product range not only  related to surfing. Their positioning strategy is a high quality, high priced, fashionable product. Billabong gains customer satisfaction by offering quality products that is not vulnerable or ruined easily despite the harsh conditions of many of their products intended uses, such as swimme rs, skis and snowboards. Billabong has been successful in making brand images by appealing as an internationally known for professional surfing, and through its wave logo and sponsorship of international events.By doing this, it has not only gained international markets, however it has also become a prestige and status symbol for its target market. The product and positioning of Billabongs products is the most important element in its marketing mix as it ensures the long term survival of the company and continued high sales. By meeting customer demand, positioning itself as a well-known and trusted brand with a vast amount of prestige it has ensured that sales remain high.2.1.2 PromotionBillabong uses a strong promotion mix to highlight and reinforce its image and product. A combination of an interactive website, promotional magazines and flyers, personal in store selling and strong public relations through both sponsorship of sporting events and famous athlete using Billabong produ cts have generated a strong brand images amongst its industry. Billabongs sponsorship of international sporting events and sporting stars also helps to promote their brand not only in Australia but also on the international market as well.2.1.3 PriceBillabong uses a competition-based pricing method in which it sets its prices at a similar level to those of its competitors to ensure that their customers will not wish to buy the cheaper products. However, Billabong is awkwardly positioned between Rip Curl and Quicksilver. Especially wetsuits and women’s jeans are higher than Quicksilver’s. They rarely use below market value pricing to avoid creating a image of less prestigious products.Surf brands – Average price comparison(Source: EDITD, 2013)2.1.4 PlaceBillabong uses various methods to ensure that their product reaches the market place. With stores in more than 100 countries Billabong uses wholesalers to ensure that their products reach the retailers. Billabongs positioning also comes into effect with place as it must ensure that its product remains out of discount and department stores and remains only in specialty stores. Because of this Billabong has adopted an exclusive distribution network where the product is only available in specialty surf shops.2.2 – SWOT AnalysisA business can implement a SWOT analysis to decide which marketing strategy to apply.2.3 – Current Target MarketBillabong is a brand which offers various types of products designed to accommodate various lifestyles. Their extensive product ranges are for surfers, boarders, beach lovers, and the sensible fashion people. Even though it is difficult to identify comprehensive characteristics of this industry, the majority of consumers are males and females who are aged between 14 and 29. (Goldcoast, 2013)According to Australian Business Solution (2011), there are an increasing number of casual dress codes at Australian workplaces and social gatherings which has led to a high demand for affordable and modern look at workplaces. Billabong’s new casual-line is aiming to meet such demand and targeting office workers.Due to Billabong’s sports image, it has been entrenched in consumers’ mind especially among teenagers and youths. When these consumers grow older, they will be pleased to see Billabong to provide expanded casual-line offering to meet their new needs. The new product line is a modern, up-scale look but also inexpensive casual dress codes at workplaces. Therefore, it will better resonate with age group 25 to 39 years old who have built careers and gained stronger buying power.2.4 – Reasons for Billabong’s international expansionAustralia has small population compare to other regions that place significant restrictions on its total sales revenue and Billabong’s future objectives. Billabong’s expansion helped to boost their total sales revenue by over 70% in 2003-04. Increase in sales ha s also allowed the firm to lower its production cost by achieving economies of scale and lower risks. In 2003, Billabong adapted video conference technology in order to make the communication and exchange of ideas across the world for its overseas offices easier.Furthermore, by working in more than 100 countries obtained cushion impacts of the entry of a new competitor and economic cycle into any of their industries. Global expansion supported the extension product life cycle for numerous products and easier access to resources and technology.3. Identification and evaluation of the external environmentTo better understand Billabong’s global expansion strategy, both Porters Five Forces and a PESTEL analysis will be undertaken.3.1 – Porters Five Forces3.1.1 The CompetitionSince 1970s, there was a significant rising popularity of the beach and surfing, and then three major companies (Billabong, Quicksilver and Rip Curl) have become a symbolic of surfing. These brands mana ge to establish strong credibility within surfing subculture and it was also equally consumable by non-surfers who identified with the lifestyle. In the 1990s and 2000s, Billabong started to aggressively pursue international expansion by emerging sports and youth labels such as RVCA and Nixon watches to gain market share. However, in 2012, there was a significant loss of $287m. (Billabongbiz, 2013)3.1.2 New EntrantsThere is still room for a new entrant as the global demand for surfing apparel is expected to remain strong. For instance, Hollister – Abercrombie & Fitch started off with a local manufacture that successfully moved into surfing clothes and retailing. Moreover, smaller brands like Byron Bay label, Afends has dramatically grown in the last decades by selling its  products through independent and online stores. Afrends gained reputations among young surfers and skaters from Australia and California.3.1.3 Suppliers PowerAs Billabong has become an internationally wel l-known brand, they outsource its manufacturing by using small to mid-sized companies in order to keep economies of scale. Billabong uses Hong Kong as the central sourcing division to provide most of its products to Australia and New Zealand. These suppliers have no bargaining powers.3.1.4 Consumers PowerDue to the size of Australia population, consumers actually have not enough bargaining power. However, to the global extent, consumers are likely to find other tailors which would provide products that would be cheaper than existing ones.3.1.5 Product SubstitutesAccording to the Urban Market Research (UMR) survey, findings indicate that Nike (13%) has overtaken the lead from Billabong (10%) as the best choice for Australia’s youth. Other rival brands such as Quicksilver and Rip Curl have also expanded their popularity. Young females prefer ‘disposable fashion’ with affordable price such retailers like Cotton on and Supre. Country Road and Colorado would be other substitutes for Billabong, but it has different quality and style compare to Billabong.3.2 – Industry Analysis3.3 – PESTEL Analysis3.3.1 – Political factorsBenefit from the worldwide trade barriers which allowed exportation procedures much easier for Billabong International Limited to other regions. The rate of import duty decreased from 17.5% in 2005 to 10% in 2010 as the Australian governments maintained tariff barriers for protecting the domestic clothing and manufacturing industry. (Wellers, S., 2007) The announcement of bilateral trade agreements by World Trade Orgainisation  (WTO) has affected Billabong International Limited. Since 2005, all Australian businesses required to produce their financial reports to International Financial Reporting Standards. Hence, it makes easier for Australian accounting standards into global practices and cost of implementation was significant.3.3.2 – Economic factorsThe growing popularity of surfing and skateboardi ng has been impacted by improvement in standard of living and the consumer spending power. As Billabong International’s products are distributed in more than 100 countries and the majority of the revenue is generated by other regions, the firm is continually influenced by fluctuations in currency. Every each year, value of earnings has shown loss when it was reported in Australian dollars. From the global point of view, Billabong’s global expansion was encouraged by its high incomes from Asia and South America that enabled to create new markets.3.3.3 – Social factorsBillabong’s brand awareness has been influenced by the growing popularity of surfing and skateboarding among the broader community. Identifying customer tastes were depends on various types of traditions and cultures. For instance, U.S preferred bright colours products while Australia preferred faded and weather beaten colours. Complications in writing contracts with different languages have e ncouraged the firm’s ability to operate in global markets. – errors on contracts could lead to future conflicts. Difference in oragnisational culture and practices on different regions are their major concerns. For instance, Australia has relaxed working environment while U.S and Japan are more intense. Further, European countries are imposed on limiting working hours by governments.3.3.4 – Technological factorsCable television and internet has attracted millions of new customers in surfing and skateboarding which helped Billabong’s products market towards a wider customer base. E-commerce has simplified the logistical and oragnisational difficulties when operating a global business.3.3.5 – Environmental factorsConsumers pay more attention on environmentally friendly products – source of materials, where materials are sourced, and whether production processes have negative impacts on the environment.3.3.6 – Legal factorBillabong ensur es to protect intellectual property rights issues such as brand logo, names and trademarks from unauthorised piracy.

Free Essays on Irish Immigrants In America

The Irish Immigration to America â€Å"†¦the reversal breaks with previous decades of Irish immigration to the United States, one of the oldest, largest, most sustained and most culturally influential migration flows of American history reaching nearly a million in the 1850's after the Irish potato famine, but dwindling lately to just a few thousand a year" (Allen, The New York Times, May 31, 1998). One of the factors that lead the Irish to immigrate to America was the deadly potato famine that began in 1846 and killed over 1 million Irish people. The famine lasted from 1846 to 1850 and forced many Irish to leave flee their country. They left Ireland in search of food, land, and salvation from the plight they were facing in their homeland. It was a very sad and difficult period for the Irish people. Not only did they lose loved ones, but they also lost their homeland. Sadly, however, the Irish people were enduring harsh and unjust treatment way before the potato famine began. The Irish were under the wrath of the British, who grossly disregarded and abused them. They are responsible for killing thousands of Irishmen by forcing them into poverty. The Irish were disgustingly over-taxed by their British masters, and were considered as less than human and unworthy of fair and equal rights. Many Irish citizens had their property taken away by greedy British soldiers who invade d their land and took what they wanted from the Irish people. This unofficial â€Å"Invasion of the British† began towards the 12th century and eventually set off an anti-Irish Catholic campaign in Ireland. It began when British King Henry II used a falsely signed document from the Pope that sanctioned the invasion of the British. This was very disconcerting to the Irish people, especially since most were Catholics and very devoted to the Pope. Their disbelief turned to disgust and angst when King Henry II returned to England and claimed himself the rule... Free Essays on Irish Immigrants In America Free Essays on Irish Immigrants In America The Irish Immigration to America â€Å"†¦the reversal breaks with previous decades of Irish immigration to the United States, one of the oldest, largest, most sustained and most culturally influential migration flows of American history reaching nearly a million in the 1850's after the Irish potato famine, but dwindling lately to just a few thousand a year" (Allen, The New York Times, May 31, 1998). One of the factors that lead the Irish to immigrate to America was the deadly potato famine that began in 1846 and killed over 1 million Irish people. The famine lasted from 1846 to 1850 and forced many Irish to leave flee their country. They left Ireland in search of food, land, and salvation from the plight they were facing in their homeland. It was a very sad and difficult period for the Irish people. Not only did they lose loved ones, but they also lost their homeland. Sadly, however, the Irish people were enduring harsh and unjust treatment way before the potato famine began. The Irish were under the wrath of the British, who grossly disregarded and abused them. They are responsible for killing thousands of Irishmen by forcing them into poverty. The Irish were disgustingly over-taxed by their British masters, and were considered as less than human and unworthy of fair and equal rights. Many Irish citizens had their property taken away by greedy British soldiers who invade d their land and took what they wanted from the Irish people. This unofficial â€Å"Invasion of the British† began towards the 12th century and eventually set off an anti-Irish Catholic campaign in Ireland. It began when British King Henry II used a falsely signed document from the Pope that sanctioned the invasion of the British. This was very disconcerting to the Irish people, especially since most were Catholics and very devoted to the Pope. Their disbelief turned to disgust and angst when King Henry II returned to England and claimed himself the rule...

20 Topics for Economics Dissertations Relevant in 2018

20 Topics for Economics Dissertations Relevant in 2018 The economics is the science of finances and growth of the world’s prosperity. The main goal of economics dissertations is to notice the consequences and the tendencies of various economics events that are constantly taking place. There are both micro and macroeconomic events, and all of them have various impact on the growth of prosperity of all countries. The students who are supposed to write a dissertation in economics have got a vast field of opportunities to explore, and there are thesis topics for economics which are worthy of investigation. Some students prefer to explore the existing tendencies in the world, while others are interested in a practical part and the development of new business technologies, plans, and models. Here you will find the list of economics dissertation topics that are applicable for 2018. Make sure to support them with strong facts though. 20 Topics for Effective Economics Dissertations Is the Worldwide Internet Affecting the Local Proximity and Contributing the Growth of Economic Level The Creation of Effective Business Incubators to Increase the Productivity of IT Sphere in Third-World Countries The Reasons for Regional Divergence in the Selected Countries and the Comparison between Poor and Well-Developed Regions The Calculation of Brexit with Potential Losses for European Union within Ten-Year Period The Perspectives of Installation Large Business Conglomerates in Small Countries to Generate Extra Work Places The Utilization of Farming Economics-Implication into Public Institutions Sector as Means of Economic Development in Agrarian Countries Illegal-Mining Installments and Their Harm for the Development of the Selected Country’s Economic Level The National Financial Subsidies for Developing Businesses as Effective Means of Increasing an Overall Financial Rate of the Country The Behavioral Analysis of Buying Capability among the Consumers of the G6 Countries and Countries of the Third World Nonstandard Economical Approaches That Were Brought by Emigrants to the US and Their Contribution to Economic Prosperity Critical Analysis of Enterprise Activity within Rural and Urban Areas of Asian Countries The Direct Correlation between Economic Convergence and the Salary Levels in the United States Basic Pricing Models from the Point of View of the Investors and How They Impact the Economic Growth of the Country The Analysis of Current Family Businesses State and the Impact of Large Holdings on the Small Business Sector The Modern Job Market Analysis within the Period of 20 Years – the Most Applicable Professions of Nowadays The Unemployment Level in the United States and the Means of Effective Regulation Correlation between the Economic Systems of the World and Their Impact on Each Other   The Dependence of Industrial Region of the Selected Country on the Amount of Average Regional Salary The Evolution of the World’s Consumption Policy – the Changes That Took Place During the Last Decade The Shocking Therapy – the Potential Application for the Development of the Economics in the Countries of the Third World Sample Essay: The Impact of Samurai Style Corporate Model on Japanese Economics The usage of national traditions and peculiarities of working power may serve as one of the characteristic features of the Japanese model of economic development. For a long time, in Japan, a long-life recruitment was propagandized. Huge corporations, which are able to build a career-oriented pyramid and guarantee the employment, have more possibilities to fulfill this principle, unlike small and medium companies. It’s evident that neither companies nor the legislation have the distinct rules requiring the demand for all lifelong. However, both employees and administration consider continuing work as a part of the collective employment agreement. The government in an effort to support the employment with the help of a subsidiary system also means the principle of working for many years at one company. So comparing to other countries, the problem is in the longer recruitment. In 1981, the part of retired workers was 16%. It means that for 3 years half of all the workers were retired. Mainly, these were young people. Unchanging workers compile 20-30% of workers. Employment period influences the level of the salary. It grows the fastest in average age. Various additional payments are added to the base rate. Working relations are built on the philosophy â€Å"the company is our home†. The usage of men power is mainly based on the concept of â€Å"human potential†. On the cusp of the 60s and 70s, many Japanese companies made a conclusion that the worker receives more pleasure from the working process when it is characterized by the diversity. Then they refused using conveyor lines at assembly operations to the benefit of rotatory tables where one person collected the whole bloc. This way, the worker may determine the specifics, schedule, elements of quality control, expenses, safety, etc. As a result of the enforcement of technological operations, the flaw lowered from 6% to 0.3%, workforce productivity raised by 20%, and prime cost lowered by 30%. The core of organization and governing are small self-governing groups. They embrace the entire company in the vertical and horizontal direction. Each group is placed into such conditions that constantly stimulate reaching to perfection and searching for the most effective means of the equipment utilization. The working group participates in making decisions regarding the further development and issues which can affect the group. The position of a female labor force is on a totally different level. Most of the companies accept female workers only as hour or daily workers. They are the first candidates for firing if it is necessary for the company. The Japanese mentality considers women the housewives, and when they are fired, it doesn’t influence the level of unemployment, so the official national level of employed population is constantly at the highest level in the world. Moreover, the salary level of females is twice as lower than that of males for the same type of a job. A long-term working day is a characteristic trait of Japan. The men in Japan work 10 hours more per week than average men in Europe and the USA. People show such desire to work due to special bonus systems and overtime that are serving as a serious extra salary. It increases the overall productivity of workers to a greater extent. The best thing about Japanese work system is a low difference level between low and top-rank workers where we can observe 10 times difference, while in the US, this salary difference is over 100 times. To conclude everything, the Japanese labor model seems extremely effective, but it was based on the historical background and can be applied for people with the same mentality, and only then, it will work the way it should. References: Jessica R. Nicholson. Recent Economic Trends in Manufacturing. U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration Office of the Chief Economist.  esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/recent-trends-in-manufacturing_0.pdf The Report of United Nations. World Economic Situation and  Prospects 2018.  https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/publication/WESP2018_Full_Web-1.pdf Ana Rute Cardoso Institute for Economic Analysis (CSIC) and IZA Paulo Guimares University of South Carolina and IZA. Trends in Economic Research: An International Perspective.  http://ftp.iza.org/dp4785.pdf Hiten Amin Reports Tokyo, Japan. Traditional Employment Practices in Japan.  disc.co.jp/en/resource/pdf/TraditionalEmployment.pdf Web Japan. Japan Employment Fact Sheet.  http://web-japan.org/factsheet/en/pdf/e39_employment.pdf

5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft

5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft 5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft 5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft By Mark Nichol Follow these stages of preparation and production to assemble a first draft of written (or spoken) content. 1. Identify Your Purpose What is the reason for writing the content? Are you objectively presenting information? If so, is it for educational purposes, or for entertainment or both? Are you writing to help someone make a decision, or encouraging someone to take action? Identifying your goal for the content will help you shape the piece. 2. Identify Your Readership Who are your intended readers (and your unintended ones)? What is their level of literacy, and what is their degree of prior knowledge of the topic? Imagining who your readers are will help you decide what voice and tone to adopt, how formal or informal your language will be though that factor also depends on your approach (see below) and how much detail or background information you provide. 3. Identify Your Approach Should your content be authoritative, or is it the work of someone informally communicating with peers? Are you offering friendly advice, or is your tone cautionary? Are you selling something, or are you skeptical? Should the content be serious, or is some levity appropriate? Determining your strategy, in combination with identifying your readership, will help you decide how the piece will feel to the reader. 4. Identify Your Ideas Brainstorm before and during the drafting process, and again when you revise. If appropriate, talk or write to intended readers about what they hope to learn from the content. Imagine that you are an expert on the topic, and pretend that you are being interviewed about it. Write down the questions and your answers to help you structure the content. Alternatively, present a mock speech or lecture on the topic and transcribe your talk. Draft an executive summary or an abstract of the content, or think about how you would describe it to someone in a few sentences. Or draw a diagram or a map of the content. Using one or more of these strategies will help you populate your content with the information your readers want or need. 5. Identify Your Structure Craft a title that clearly summarizes the topic in a few words. Explain the main idea in the first paragraph. Organize the content by one of several schemes: chronology or sequence, relative importance, or differing viewpoints. Use section headings or transitional language to signal new subtopics. Integrate sidebars, graphics, and/or links as appropriate. Incorporating these building blocks will help you produce a coherent, well-organized piece. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Words for Facial ExpressionsFlier vs. Flyer50 Synonyms for "Song"

Strategic Management and Business Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Management and Business Policy - Essay Example A Pro-quest article states that people with education who want to become an entrepreneur, take the risk f owning or controlling a business because they use their knowledge to ensure promising business opportunities (Anonymous, 2005). It is well understood that people who have well-educated skills acquired from tertiary education, become entrepreneurs to turn their dream and vision into action. Knowledge gained by education consists f guidance, and not to tell you what to do in life. Most successors who take this into considerations have broader views and more information on how to succeed in life. Although what education from class may not be true, or mean anything towards their view, it is solely up to the person him/her self to use the techniques that they have learned through education. In 1913, Henry Ford, the founder f 'Ford Motors' used his educated knowledge for mass producing cars, which increased production greatly, as well as decreased the cost per car by two-thirds (Jones, et al, 2000). Henry Ford introduced the 'classical scientific theory' (established by Frederick W. Taylor) towards his manufacturing company. With the use f this theory in which he implemented, he experimented to discover the most efficient way that each worker performed in their one specialized task (Jones, et al, 2000). Although each process was very repetitive, production for cars grew, and costs were cut down which made Henry Ford a huge success person within the car production industry. With such an innovative idea which Henry Ford implemented, through the use f the 'classical scientific management theory', Henry Ford became one f the biggest entrepreneurs in the history f car manufacturing. Another great entrepreneur who used his educated skills greatly is Stewart L. Tubbs. Tubbs is the author f the book "Leadership: Communication, Innovation, and Change". Tim McGraw Quotes "He was the dean f the College f Business at Eastern Michigan University. He received his doctorate in communication and organizational behavior from the University f Kansas. His master's degree in communication and his bachelor's degree in science are from Bowling Green State University. He has completed postdoctoral work in management at Harvard Business School, the University f Michigan, and Michigan State University." (McGraw 2002) Although Tubbs is only an author for the McGraw publisher, is had many success stories f how he becomes the person he is currently. Tubbs has used his widely well-educated skills and been named outstanding teacher 3 times, as well as being an outstanding scholar twice. He has also consulted with over 500 companies have has achieved more than he ever could wish for (McGraw 2002). Along with educational purposes, they are able to extensively use educated skills gained by academic classes/buildings, in order to support their decisions in which they make to become their own entrepreneur. In Tubbs case, Tubbs took his knowledge to pursue his goals in life.

Disc dyn Mod 12 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disc dyn Mod 12 - Essay Example Leadership is not a static undertaking, rather, it demands flexibility, the eagerness to distinguish the need for change and the capacity to lead change (Myatt, 2012).Thus, when leaders recognize things that should be changed and they are willing to embrace it, they become effective leaders. Leaders from different sectors of society embrace change in order to maintain a strong, rising and dynamic organization (Myatt, 2012). Business leaders, military officers and politicians need change to become successful leaders. However, it is important to note that a person need not become an officer or a high ranking executive to lead. Individuals who are passionate about certain things can become successful and good leaders too if they understand change and they are willing to respond to it. In my personal experience, I volunteer in the Down Syndrome Charitable Association (DSCA). I know that the society has their certain view and perspective about Down Syndrome. However, the association is doing its best to change the view of the society on Down Syndrome kids and how to treat them. DSCA and its volunteers create ways on how to effectively relay awareness to the society aside from the usual and previously established campaign directives. Today, the Down Syndrome Charitable Association hosts events and social gatherings to be able to inform and effectively promote awareness to

Patterns of international trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Patterns of international trade - Essay Example China, which experienced rapid development over the last fifty years which catapulted it into the position of the second most powerful economy, continues to cultivate a strong relationship with Latin American countries in the 21st century. Globalisation avails numerous challenges as well as opportunities for countries that wish to develop greater trading experiences even if they are located in different parts of the world. Globalisation has also brought about the phenomenon of economic interdependence which encourages nations from all over the world to seek for trading ties with each other. While seeking to further develop their cooperative relationship, both Latin American countries and China are faced with different challenges and have to find strategic ways of overcoming these issues in order to mutually benefit from their trading relationships. Even though the Latin American region is culturally as well as geographically disparate from China, their governments have been successful in establishing trading relationships with each other since the days of yore. The first recorded exchange between Latin America and China is said to have taken place in the mid-16th century. This exchange resulted in the creation of a trade route, identified as ‘the Sea Silk Road’, which ran across the Pacific Ocean. This route would pass through the Philippines (Rosales and Kuwayama 2012). This route was used by the Chinese merchants to ferry commodities like textiles, embroidery, and flatware to Latin America, which was then identified as being part of the New World. The Chinese would then be rewarded with goods such as maize, silvers, and tobacco by nations like Peru and Mexico. These were loaded in carracks which were then given to the Chinese. In 1840, at the end of the Opium War, there were numerous Chinese labourers who were r elocated to Latin America for work purposes. These labourers would contribute significantly to the region’s cultural as

Analysis of an International Organization Research Paper

Analysis of an International Organization - Research Paper Example For airlines, it is necessary to have a strong team of professional enthusiastic individuals to make the business a success. Like every business in the service sector, airlines too require their workforce to be internally satisfied so that this behavior of theirs is reflected in their behavior with the customers. If one looks up ‘HR challenges faced by United Airlines’ online, every search engine gives an array of links that discuss the failing, almost embarrassing, situation of the airlines. Since its merger, it has faced a number of problems that range from operational inefficiency to lack of HR training. In the world of today, where options at hand are plenty and the organizations need to stand out through effective strategies and customer orientation, this is not a good business scenario. For every service business, the customer touch point is an essential deal maker or breaker. The moment a customer interacts with an employee representing the service organization, he gets a taste of the organizational culture and sets a service expectation standard. Customer satisfaction is the ultimate goal of such organizations. The major HR problems faced by United Airlines are as follows: -Lack of a strong organizational culture after the merger: After United Airlines made the acquisition of Continental Airlines, there was a lack of effort on the management’s side to unify the workforce so that there is a uniform sense of dedication towards the ‘United’ brand (Busmanagement.com). Even though efforts were made to gather the best talents from both the sides of the merger, the company still faces issues with bringing all its employees to term with their merger. -Lack of employee training programs: the employees are not trained to be customer oriented which reflects in their service levels. Their focus is on getting their work done and not making sure that the customers are made to feel genuinely valued and cared for. This is

Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10750 words

Dissertation Example A number of theories were reviewed as well as existing literature in the area of VoIP and emergency medical service. The literature review and theories established a very clear and tangible relationship for the workability of a VoIP system in medical alert service. Based on this the systems structured analysis and design method (SSADM) was used to develop the IT project. The procedure used through out the project was a combintion of action research with SSADM such that the action research aimed in the identification of the problem and gave background to solving the problem. After the IT project was completed therefore, it was introduced to the research setting where the problem had been found to exist. Results from the research showed that there was massive improvement in the medical alert system with the introduction of the VoIP because aided in ensuring effective and efficient service delivery. DECLARATION I hereby certify that this dissertation constitutes my own product, that whe re the language of others is set forth, quotation marks so indicate, and that appropriate credit is given where I have used the language, ideas, expressions, or writings of another. I declare that the dissertation describes original work that has not previously been presented for the award of any other degree of any institution. Signed, your-name-here â€Å"This dissertation contains material that is confidential and/or commercially sensitive. It is included here on the understanding that this will not be revealed to any person not involved in the assessment process.† Student, Supervisors and Classes: Student name: Student ID number: GDI name: CRMT class ID: DA name: CAC class ID: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A number of people played very instrumental roles in the completion of the current research. For various roles in which they supported me morally, spiritually, intellectually, and logistically, I would like to express a depth of gratitude to I would like to thank Dr. Yongge Wang (my dissertation advisor) for his support throughout this dissertation. I would like to thank my family for their continuous support and the University of Toronto. Finally, to all respondents who dedicated their time to answering interview questions during the primary data collection. LIST OF TABLES Table 6.1 Emergency Services given before and after the Intervention 47 Table 6.2 Deaths recorded before and after the Intervention 49 LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 3.1 Information Systems as an Activity 25 Fig 3.2 Decision-Making Theory Diagram 26 Fig 4.1 SSDAM Diagram 30 Fig 4.2 Simplified Data Flow Diagram 32 Fig 4.3 Business Systems Options Diagram 33 Fig 4.4 Requirements Specifications Diagram 35 Fig 5.1 Combined use of Waterfall Model and Action Research 42 TABLE OF CONTENT Chapter 1. Introduction 10 1.1 Scope 10 1.2 Problem Statement 11 1.3 Approach 12 1.4 Outcome 13 Chapter 2. Background and review of literature 15 2.1 Background 15 2.2 Literature Review 16 2.21 The Need for Medical Systems 16 2.22 Reliability in VoIP Usage 17 2.23 Using VoIP Service for improved Medical Alert Service 18 2.3 Terms 19 Chapter 3. Theory 21 3.1 Information Systems Theory 21 3.2 Emergency Medicine 24 3.3 Decision theory model of the emergency medical process 25 Chapter 4. Analysis and Design 29 4.1

Free Speech Coalition Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Free Speech Coalition - Case Study Example The government’s side argued that the law needed to prohibit virtual imaging of child pornography to protect minors from paedophiles. One of the rules under the First Amendment provides that a whole artistic work cannot be merited on the basis of one sexually explicit view. Accordingly, the work should be judged as a whole to determine its value. Essentially, pornography can only be prescribed if it is obscene and if it uses real children. In this case, therefore, the ban by the CPPA was invalid, since it barred the use of images that were neither obscene nor used actual children. In Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition 535 U.S. 2d, 403 (2002), the court held that the rights of adults access such speech could not be withdrawn in order to protect minors from such speech. The use of the phrases â€Å"appears to be† and â€Å"conveys the impression† is relative and depends on the interpretation of the court. The work of art must contain obscene content in speech presentation, for it to be banned. Considering Ferber’s standard, a ban on child pornography can only be upheld if production and sale of artistic work were â€Å"intrinsically related† to child abuse, by causing harm to the victim and leading to crime. Therefore, if a work of art causes harm to a child by making them prone to sexual acts, such a work will be banned, See id. at 13. The Supreme Court also overruled the argument advanced by the government stating that the ban on â€Å"virtual child pornography† was necessary to reduce cases of paedophiles seducing children. The standard for this ruling came from the First Amendment, Miller, and Ferber standards.

Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10750 words

Dissertation Example A number of theories were reviewed as well as existing literature in the area of VoIP and emergency medical service. The literature review and theories established a very clear and tangible relationship for the workability of a VoIP system in medical alert service. Based on this the systems structured analysis and design method (SSADM) was used to develop the IT project. The procedure used through out the project was a combintion of action research with SSADM such that the action research aimed in the identification of the problem and gave background to solving the problem. After the IT project was completed therefore, it was introduced to the research setting where the problem had been found to exist. Results from the research showed that there was massive improvement in the medical alert system with the introduction of the VoIP because aided in ensuring effective and efficient service delivery. DECLARATION I hereby certify that this dissertation constitutes my own product, that whe re the language of others is set forth, quotation marks so indicate, and that appropriate credit is given where I have used the language, ideas, expressions, or writings of another. I declare that the dissertation describes original work that has not previously been presented for the award of any other degree of any institution. Signed, your-name-here â€Å"This dissertation contains material that is confidential and/or commercially sensitive. It is included here on the understanding that this will not be revealed to any person not involved in the assessment process.† Student, Supervisors and Classes: Student name: Student ID number: GDI name: CRMT class ID: DA name: CAC class ID: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A number of people played very instrumental roles in the completion of the current research. For various roles in which they supported me morally, spiritually, intellectually, and logistically, I would like to express a depth of gratitude to I would like to thank Dr. Yongge Wang (my dissertation advisor) for his support throughout this dissertation. I would like to thank my family for their continuous support and the University of Toronto. Finally, to all respondents who dedicated their time to answering interview questions during the primary data collection. LIST OF TABLES Table 6.1 Emergency Services given before and after the Intervention 47 Table 6.2 Deaths recorded before and after the Intervention 49 LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 3.1 Information Systems as an Activity 25 Fig 3.2 Decision-Making Theory Diagram 26 Fig 4.1 SSDAM Diagram 30 Fig 4.2 Simplified Data Flow Diagram 32 Fig 4.3 Business Systems Options Diagram 33 Fig 4.4 Requirements Specifications Diagram 35 Fig 5.1 Combined use of Waterfall Model and Action Research 42 TABLE OF CONTENT Chapter 1. Introduction 10 1.1 Scope 10 1.2 Problem Statement 11 1.3 Approach 12 1.4 Outcome 13 Chapter 2. Background and review of literature 15 2.1 Background 15 2.2 Literature Review 16 2.21 The Need for Medical Systems 16 2.22 Reliability in VoIP Usage 17 2.23 Using VoIP Service for improved Medical Alert Service 18 2.3 Terms 19 Chapter 3. Theory 21 3.1 Information Systems Theory 21 3.2 Emergency Medicine 24 3.3 Decision theory model of the emergency medical process 25 Chapter 4. Analysis and Design 29 4.1

Research performa on any psychology topic Essay

Research performa on any psychology topic - Essay Example This is one of the principles of the multiple intelligence approach for effective teaching and learning. This approach can take many formats, and can be implemented in many different ways and at many different levels. Once multiple intelligence based activities are integrated in the educational programs, it offers students some powerful opportunities to come alive with other learners who have achieved competence in specific discipline. It can aid teachers in effortlessly, more personalized as well as diversified instructional experiences; it foster meaningful metacognitive understanding, for a broad range of diversified learning skills techniques; and gives value on students inherent levels of motivation through their natural talents; and help promote academic freedom, interactive and smooth flow of concepts in the classroom. This chapter presents the review of related literature and other studies relevant to the present study. Selections from different books, periodicals, journals, and articles found in the internet were carefully collated to support the said study. For more than hundreds of years, human beings have been the focus of various scientific studies in order to understand how individuals’ think, how they perceive, understand, predict, and manipulate a world far larger and more complicated than itself. In about 335 B.C. Aristotle wrote, â€Å"†¦of all the animals, human has the biggest brain in proportion to his size.† Still, it was not until the middle of the 18th century that the brain was widely recognized as the seat of awareness. The human brain is a â€Å"super system† composed of many mutually interdependent, internally specialized subsystems. The cerebral cortex of a human brain is composed of fifty two areas per hemisphere and has a very complex architecture. The human mind’s architecture has levels of

Ruler Dropping Test to Measure Reaction Time

Ruler Dropping Test to Measure Reaction Time Problem statement It takes every person a little time to react to any event. For example, there is a small delay before you try to catch a ball moving towards you or trying to catch a falling glass from a certain height. This time is called your reaction time. There are many ways that you can measure your response time. Some of the methods are very easy (without calculation). One of the simplest and common methods of calculating response time is the ruler drop test. Most of the athletes use this methods to calculate their response time. In our engineering physics class we were asked to use this method to calculate our reaction time. For this assignment we were to be in small groups and measure everyones reaction time by getting 10 measurements from each student and determine who has the fastest reaction time. After taking the initial measurements we were also tasked to calculate the errors of those measurements. Coming up with a plan to asses this we encountered some major problems such as, How fast is our reaction time? With each measurement does our reaction time increase? Why we tend to catch the ruler in the middle rather than the beginning? How to improve our reaction time? After we have done this assignment we plan to solve each one of those questions while providing the answers to our assignment. What is reaction time? In this method one of the students drops the ruler, the student see it starts to move and nerve signal travels from his eye to his brain. The brain simulates the signal and sends it to his finger muscles which move to catch the ruler. The whole process takes between 150 and 220 milliseconds. The process of catching the dropped ruler begins with the eye watching the ruler expecting of it falling. After the ruler is dropped, the eye sends a message to the visual cortex (which simulates what we see), which perceives that the ruler has dropped and its falling. Then the visual cortex sends a message to the motor cortex (nerve stimulation) to start the process of catching the ruler. The motor cortex sends a message to the spinal cord, which sends a message to the muscle in the hand/fingers. The final process is the process that makes a muscle to become tighter of the muscles as the hand grasps the ruler. All of these processes involve individual neurons that transmit electrochemical messages to other neurons. How to proceed the test. What do we need? An accurate ruler. Two people(one to release the ruler and one to catch it) How to proceed. When we do this test one person has to hold the ruler and release that ruler at an unpredictable time. When the ruler start to fall (the test) the other person (test subject) has to pinch his fingers together catching it. This is his reaction to the falling ruler. The distance that we take (to measure) is the distance between the bottom of the ruler and the top of the thumb where the ruler has been caught. It is very unlikely that a student can stop the ruler at the same distance twice in a row. That means that we can get a more accurate measure of that students reaction time. We are conducting this experiment several times and take an average of our results. For this assignment we take 10 measurements from each student. How to calculate. To calculate ones reaction time we use the 3rd kinematic equation, 1 s= displacement. u= initial velocity. t=time taken. a=average acceleration. Proving, To prove the 1st equation, 2 We know that the first kinematic equation is, Applying this to the 2nd equation, How to use this to calculate reaction time Because the ruler is dropped down, Calculation To calculate the reaction time for each person we took 10 measurements from each person to get an accurate value. To get the most accurate value we calculated the mean of each person. Down below are the measurements we got. Every value is on cm scale. As proven above we are going to use two equations to calculate each ones reaction time and determine who has the fastest reaction time. 1 2 Looking at the results we found, we can see there are four people with a reaction time of 0.165s. This brings the idea of errors in this calculation and method.   What can be the errors in this measuring method? Thought processing speed is different in each individual. As I explained above when I was describing reaction time to catch the ruler the test subjects muscle has to work. Depending on the thought processing speed it varies. Because we are taking average metes of each person you can see all the averages are on the same range. That means even if one person went too far with the meters he can catch up with others with fast reaction time. Other thing is because the measuring system is analogue, people can make mistakes such as the person who is dropping the ruler is not consistent with his work (dropping the ruler). That can lead to errors. Conclusion Ruler dropping test can be the easiest way of measuring reaction time but it has its own pros and cons. This method requires very minimal amount of items to conduct the test. This method also not require a specialized pace to conduct the test and can be easily set up for the test. However there are few disadvantages as well such as this requires at least one assistant to support the test subject. Also because its simple it can be incorrect when it comes to the calculations as we can see above. In our given assignment we were to find a way to measure the reaction time using the ruler drop test. This leaves us with only one question, is it reliable to measure our reaction time with this method? REFERENCES [1]B. Mackenzie, Ruler Drop Test, Brianmac.co.uk, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.brianmac.co.uk/rulerdrop.htm. [Accessed: 22- Mar- 2017]. [2]File:REACTION.DOC, Physics.nmsu.edu, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://physics.nmsu.edu/research/lab110g/html/AREACTION.html. [Accessed: 22- Mar- 2017].

An Inspector Calls :: English Literature

An Inspector Calls Essay There are many aspects that Priestley uses to make ‘An Inspector Calls’ successful on stage i.e. the use of dramatic irony, time zones, twists, cliff hangers and the 7 deadly sins. He also represents the inspector as omniscient and enigmatic and his surname is a homophone which is used symbolically. E.g. Goole to Ghoul. This makes him seem like ghostly spirit. J.B Priestley wrote this play as a message/moral to show the world that everyone is equal through terms of money and power. He saw more clearly the effects of both wars that some higher/upper class had no problems with rebuilding businesses, housing and even their lives as they had the money to do so. An element used to make ’An Inspector Calls’ successful on stage would be the ‘whodunnit’ genre. This differs from a detective genre as in a detective story there s a suspect that committed the crime but in ‘An Inspector Calls’ all of the characters in the same way helped to make Eva Smith/Daisy Renton commit suicide. Each member of the family had something to do with her whether it was physical contact or not; here is how each member was involved with her suicidal attack. Gerald and Eric both had sexual intercourse with Eva and Eric had left her pregnant, Sheila and Birling had no physical contact but both got her sacked from her job as a factory worker and working in a shop where Shelia shopped regularly, and last of all Mrs Birling pushed Eva to the limits when she would offer no help to Eva and her unborn foetus when she asked for help at the charity. Mrs Birling was the person who pushed Eva to the limit of committing suicide. The use of dramatic irony in ‘An Inspector Calls’ is used by most characters especially Mrs Birling who says to the inspector â€Å"I accept no blame for it at all†¦. Take some steps to find this young man and then make sure that he’s compelled to confess in public his responsibility†. The irony comes into this as she does not know that the father of the baby is Eric’s! Priestley presents all of the characters symbolising as the seven deadly sins. He presents the inspector as a mysterious, omniscient and enigmatic character : his name ‘Goole’, is a homophone for ‘Ghoul’ which we know is linked to the meaning ‘Ghost’; this makes you feel as if he is a kind of ghostly spirit; knowing some things before they happen. Priestley made Birling have mistaken predictions such as when Birling quoted, â€Å"‘the Titanic-she sails next week-absolutely unsinkable†, which makes the audience laugh with sarcasm as we all know that the

The Need for Employee Counseling Essays -- Business Management Studies

The Need for Employee Counseling Employees are the most valuable asset the company has. Without employees the company is just bricks and walls and pieces of iron and steel. Employees are the ones that bring the place alive, they cause the activity and they are responsible for output. Though today all of us have been influenced by the age of information technology and automation, there is no company that can claim that it can make it on its own without employees. In fact today more than ever it is necessary for organizations to realize that an employee is very valuable and losing an employee is a resource lost. Having said as much, we see that in actual practice dealing with employees at times is the worst nightmare of any manager. Employee Relations is gaining momentum as time goes by but there is no one scientific formula that takes care of all. This is because each organization is different as is each employee. The problems that arise can generically be attributed to the following reasons:  ¤ Poor employee relations  ¤ Absence of employee counseling  ¤ Poor or no employee coaching The focus of this report is on these three functional areas and each will be discussed separately. Employee Relations The Importance of Employee Relations Working with employees requires an understanding of what actually makes the employee function. Satisfying monetary needs does not have a long lasting impact. Employees need to be kept informed and must be provided with an opportunity to raise suggestions and voice their complains. Otherwise employees are bound to feel dissatisfied and alienated. The Employee Relations (ER) department basically takes care of the company's communication program, its Employee Assistance Program (EAP) and its employee recognition program. Effective employee management is the key to having favorable employee relations, which in turn is necessary for retaining talented and productive employees. Common deficiencies and hindrances in the way of effective employee relations For most part, managers say that they hate managing people and it’s the most difficult part of their job. This is because; a) they have not received formal training on how to manage people b) they get little or no support from employee relations and human resource people. Most managers look at Human Resource (HR) and ER for help. However HR in most organizations is th... ... employees otherwise it will be difficult to grow. Difficult people are necessary as they help us remain on our toes and bring to the work environment the dynamism that is necessary. Bibliography Peterson, Bert "Role of Employee Relations Today." www.cableone.net, pp.1-5. Peterson, Bert "Fear- A Management Style." www.cableone.net, pp.1-4. Peyser, Randy "The Necessity of Difficult People." Exploration Hall, www.balancinglife.com, pp.1-2. Cairnes, Margot "Building self-confidence should be strategic priority." www.hr-info.com, pp.1-2. "Employee Assistance Program; Counselling Service." www.benefits.org, pp.1-3. "Counseling Service." www.balancinglife.com, pp.1-2. "The Layperson's Guide to Counselor Ethics: What You Should Know About the Ethical Practice of Professional Counselors." www.counseling.org, pp.1-2. "7 Ways To Beat The Blues." www.hurstplace.com, pp.1 Atkinson, William "Wellness, Employee Assistance Programs: Investments, Not Costs." www.findarticles.com, pp.1-6 Farr, John "Problem Employees: How do managers decide how and when to deal with poor employee performance?" www.findarticles.com, pp.1-7 "The Future of Electronic Counselling." www.bac.co.uk, pp.1-2

Art Essay Introduction- Penny Byrne

Penny Byrne is an Australian born artist. She was born in Mildura, Victoria, Australia. She lives in Melbourne and owns her own studio. She is interested in ceramics and works as a ceramics conservator. She did a bachelor of fine arts ceramics in Melbourne in 1987 and graduated from west Dean College in the UK after doing ceramics and glass conservation and restoration. She also did a bachelor of laws at La Trobe uni in Melbourne and uses her knowledge of political and social issues in her art.Penny Byrne uses her knowledge of ceramics and knowledge of world issues combined with simplicity and in your face messages in her artwork ‘how much can a polar bear #2’ (2008, sculpture, ceramic, 9. 5x7x11cm). Her artwork makes a public comment on the melting polar ice caps due to global warming and the effect that this is having on the polar bears. Byrne uses her knowledge of ceramics in this sculpture as she appropriates this ready-made ceramic polar bear figure. She has taken a polar bear figure and put scuba diving gear on it to make it innocent and helpless.She uses relevant choices of material as she isn’t creating more waste, putting across this environmentally friendly message. The message she is putting across is made obvious through her use of scuba diving gear and the title of the work. She wants people to think about the polar bears and the environment she cares so much about and she achieves this through simplicity and easy understanding. The overall meaning of this artwork is that the polar bears are struggling, to find food sources, to adapt to new climate and that we aren’t helping, in fact we are making it worse.This is obviously a topic that Byrne feels strongly about. I find that she works well to channel her personal interests into the work and her uses of materials are appropriate to her knowledge, and the message she is putting across. Overall with the simplicity of the message and the use of appropriate materials are effe ctive and work well with the knowledge and personal interest shown in her work. She uses this in many of her of her other works such as ‘the four horse men of the 21st century apocalypse’.

Inactivity and Obesity Essay

Review the article â€Å"Physical activity and sedentary activity patterns among children and adolescents: A latent class analysis approach† for this assignment. As individuals and families spend more time in front of televisions, playing video games, surfing the internet, etc., incidence and prevalence rates of overweight and obese people in throughout the world increase. Based on the article, describe family, community, and school level strategies you would use in planning an obesity prevention program. The following items in particular will be assessed: 1. Identify two specific strategies (family, community, or school level) you would use to plan an obesity prevention program. Include evidence-based information as to why you believe these strategies will be the best ones to use. 2. In your opinion, when should obesity prevention start? What should be the ideal age to start obesity prevention, knowing that lifestyle has a great impact on whether individuals will become obese? 3. Provide empirical evidence to support your position as to when obesity prevention should start. Make sure to cite your sources. Introduction Studies of the health behavior of healthy individuals and families are closely correlated since without the support of a family, an individual would not prosper in healthy behaviors. This example hit close to home since there was someone at home always trying to gear my brother, sister, and myself in the right way. This might not be the case for other families and they might have different types of issues that are involved in the studies of health behavior of individuals and families. Human behavior plays a central role in the maintenance of health and the prevention of disease. Issues Involved Some of the issues involved in the studies of the health behavior of healthy individuals and families are the different strategies for establishing healthy eating habits in children and adolescents might be quite ineffective for changing maladaptive eating behaviors. This seems to be a major issue with families of all types of financial background. The majority of individuals that lack the monetary resource to buy healthier food choices seem to be at riskiest end. Also, maintaining a particular behavior over time might require different strategies than will establishing behavior. Studies Accomplished/Reasons they are Important Studies can be accomplished through different age groups and addressing certain behaviors cues associated with healthy families and individuals. For example, one might ask a teenage group if they have ever tried smoking or drinking. From this study, they can find out information concerning the individual behavior and why it is not conducive to healthy family behaviors. Two examples of studies accomplished from the reading are classical conditioning and operant-conditioning which each has its own way of learning behaviors. For example, classical conditioning modifies behavior by repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits the desired response. This type of learning behavior is important it allows the studies to see what mechanisms triggers different people to behave a certain way. One of the most famous classical conditioning was taught in a previous class that mentioned the salivation of dog in response to a bell being rung. The reason behind this was that every time individual brought in food for the dog, they would ring a bell. Later, they found out that just the ringing alone would set of excitement in the dog. This is important because we find out what triggers an individual’s happiness and with little help, their behavior can be geared towards a healthier one. In individuals, if someone is praised on how well they look and that they are maintaining their bodies well, the compliments alone can trigger an individual to want more praises, thus maintaining a great physique. The second type of study conducted was the operant-conditioning which builds on classical conditioning and focuses on the hypothesis that the frequency of a behavior is determined by its consequences. One example would be that of rewards for positive behavior as well as decreasing behavior from punishment. If an individual, gets praises for cleaning their room and is told that if they discontinue cleaning their room, they will make their parents disappointed, that individual might not want the negative responses thus making them decrease their negative behaviors. Contribution to Existing Knowledge These studies contribute to the existing knowledge by showing us that health behaviors can be changed by the way we treat each other. Also, with the studies, we are able to see how an individual’s health behavior can be controlled by praises and can also eliminate negative behavior by adding negative consequences.

Kaoru Ishikawa

Kaoru Ishikawa was born in Tokyo Japan in 1939. He earned his Engineering degree in applied chemistry from the University of Tokyo. After Graduating from college he was a navel technical officer until 1941. He worked at the Nissian Liquid Fuel Company until 1947 and then began his educational vocation at the University of Tokyo. In 1978 he became Musashi Institute of Technology President (Kaoru Ishikawa, 2008). Ishikawa came to be known as the â€Å"father of the Quality revolution† to the people of Japan. When he was a professor at Tokyo University he realized the importance of the quality control methods that were introduced to his country by W. E Deming and J. R Juarn. He applied those methods to work with his country’s industries. Ishikawa developed the â€Å"quality circles†, the cause and effect diagram, and the importance of the seven quality tools. In addition, he wrote several books that explained statistics to the nonspecialist which one was the Guide to Quality Control. Another book he wrote was how to Operate QC Circle Activities which is based on quality circles. Quality circles are a method used to improve quality. Quality circles were developed in Japan in 1962 by Kaoru Ishikawa. A quality circle is a volunteer group of employees from the same work area who meet together to discuss work place improvement (Quality Circles, 2008). Quality circles were first used at the Nippon Telegraph and Cable Company in 1962 (â€Å"Death of Professor,† 1989). Ishikawa had only intended his methods of quality circles to be used for Japan but it has now spread to more than 50 countries. With the development of Ishikawa’s cause and effect diagram management leaders made large advancements in quality improvement ( Kaoru Ishikawa: One Step, 2011). With this new diagram users can see all of the possible causes of a result and find the process of imperfections ( Kaoru Ishikawa: One Step, 2011). The cause and effect diagram can easily be used by non- specialist to analyze and solve problems. Dr. E. W Deming used this diagram to teach Total Quality Control in Japan. Another name for Ishikawa’s cause and effect diagram is the Ishikawa or fishbone diagram. Ishikawa showed the importance of the seven Quality tools which are control chart, run chart, histogram scatter diagram, Pareto chart and flow chart. Ishikawa also expanded on Deming’s four steps into six steps which are determine goals and targets, determine methods of reaching goals, engage in education and training, implement work, check the effects of implementation, and take appropriate action ( Kaoru Ishikawa: One Step, 2011). Ishikawa also wrote and was the editor of many books. He wrote Guide to Quality control in 1968, as well as What Is Total Quality Control in 1981. He was the editor of QC circle Koryo in 1970, and How to operate QC Circle activates in 1971. Ishikawa has been credited with Japan’s quality achievements and has received many awards such as the Deming prize, and the blue ribbon medal which was given to him by the Japanese government. His work has changed how people perceive quality management and many of his methods and books are still used to this day by large and small businesses. Bibliography http://www.skymark.com/resources/leaders/ishikawa.asp http://www.vectorstudy.com/management_theories/quality_circles.htm

Health Disparitiy among the Mentally Ill Research Paper

Health Disparitiy among the Mentally Ill - Research Paper Example Within every population, there are varying individual characteristics and mental health needs. Research on suicide cases among minority population is a clear depiction of mental health disparity. AIAN’s population records the highest cases of suicide representing fifty percent of the national average. The quality of health care provision to all American citizens for all ethnic groups is ideal. There is a remarkable gap between the health care recommended and the services delivered. Statistics nationally show medical patients receiving only 54.9 percent (Data shown in the table) of the recommended medical care (Safran et al., 2009). Studies comparing mental health care across ethnic groups depict disparities in accessing, usage and quality of care. Subgroups in the U.S. are more probable comparing to white population to delay or miss completely to get quality mental health treatment. Mental health status disparities exhibit definitely different patterns compared to other health disparities. Comparing national representation sample of the U.S. population, American Indians have high risks of posttraumatic stress and alcohol dependence but are lower risks of depression. Minorities have less psychiatric disorders comparing to white Americans. The black and Hispanic Americans have the highest tendency of persistently being ill. United States policy makers have designed federal laws that address discrimination of mentally ill individuals resulting from public stigma (Corrigan, Roe & Tsang, 2011). The federal laws provide an important basis for refining disparities in health care services, education, employment opportunities and outcomes for the mental illness that results from the humiliation process (Cummings, Lucas & Druss, 2013). Education for all handicapped Children Act of 1975 (EAHCA), is a piece of legislation addressing the issue of discrimination on

ESSAY/ ARGUMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

/ ARGUMENT - Essay Example Money matters are the most widely discussed subjects around the world, not to mention a most sensitive one that can cause even siblings to battle among themselves. Politicians talking about money, especially not their own money but the citizenry’s might be most hated and controversial and this makes imposing taxes on people difficult. This paper discusses the implementation of taxes in the eyes of Christie, the real problem behind taxation and the beneficiaries of taxation. Labor unions and laborers may not consider it humane when a cut is imposed on their salaries but looking at the possibility of a government planned by the people, without taxes would mean no health benefits, no pensions and no help from the government. Democracy as the United States is, looks at the best interest of the people and does not exist to let the people unattended. Christie’s battle for a 1.5 percent tax imposed on teachers, cops and firefighters shows he understands this and his adherence to his mother’s advice as told by the governor himself, â€Å"Christopher, you’re going to have choices in your life between being loved and being respected. And you should choose respected.